Rinse dried chickpeas and pick-over for any small stones and debris, place them in a large bowl cover with water and soak overnight up to 24 hours.
Drain chickpeas, Add chickpeas plus the rest of the ingredients (except for baking powder and frying oil) into the bowl of a food processor. Process ingredients into consistency of fine moist grain. Scrape down the sides of the bowl as necessary to incorporate all the ingredients completely. Transfer to an airtight container and refrigerate from 1 hour up to 3 days.
Add 3 inches of frying-oil into a heavy bottom fry-pan (preferably cast iron) and heat to 375° F
When ready to fry add the baking powder and mix into the mash. Using your hands, a tablespoon or small ice cream scoop form the mixture into 1½ inch balls flaten the balls to 1 inch thick patties.
Place patties gently into the hot oil, working in batches, not to overcrowd to fry-pan. Fry the patties 3 minutes each side until slightly puffed up and a deep golden brown. Remove and drain excess oil on a paper towel or baking rack. Season with additional salt and serve while hot.
Notes
Alternative Baking Instructions:
Preheat oven to 400 degrees F, spray, or brush cookie-sheet with olive oil. Place patties on cookie-sheet, brush the tops of falafel with more olive, and bake for 20 minutes, flipping the patties halfway through. Falafel will be golden brown and springy to the touch.